What Is Fetal Respiration?

Respiration is the medical term for breathing. In the womb, infants do not breathe in the traditional sense, because of their submersion in amniotic fluid. To meet their specialized needs, fetuses engage in two distinct forms of fetal respiration.

  1. Placental Exchange

    • Placental fetal respiration is part of the placental exchange which provides nutrition and oxygen to the fetus and removes waste. This form of fetal respiration is the exchange of oxygen between a mother's blood and a fetus' through the placental and umbilical system.

    Breathing Movement

    • The second form of fetal respiration is the act of drawing amniotic fluid through the breathing mechanisms while in utero. The fetus breathes in and out, exercising the breathing apparatus while still in the womb in order to fully develop the lungs.

    After Birth

    • Placental fetal respiration will continue after birth until the umbilical cord ceases to pulsate, or is cut. Fetal respiration, intended to exercise the young, is important in the prevention of pneumonia, and other respiratory conditions.

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